In 1964, the restlessly creative Lundy designed a series of temporary, inflatable snack bars for the New York World’s Fair. Call them what you want- “space flowers,” “bubble pavilions,” or “hot air balloons”- the small, floating structures garnered universal acclaim and became symbols of the fair’s Space Age spirit. A collaborative effort between Lundy, Vollmer Associates, and Birdair Structures, each tent-like pavilion was crowned with a whimsical fiberglass “air sculpture” resembling a mass of balloons or a bouquet of flowers. Created for the well-known New York City restaurant chain, Brass Rail, the group of tensile canopies with pneumatic clusters floated over the fair grounds like groups of clouds, radical in structure and playful in shape. 

En 1964, el incansablemente creativo Lundy diseñó una serie de bares inflables temporales para la Feria Mundial de Nueva York. Llámenlos como quieran: “flores espaciales”, “pabellones de burbujas” o “globos aerostáticos”. Estas pequeñas estructuras flotantes obtuvieron reconocimiento universal y se convirtieron en símbolos del espíritu de la era espacial de la feria. En una colaboración entre Lundy, Vollmer Associates y Birdair Structures, cada pabellón, con forma de tienda de campaña, estaba coronado por una caprichosa “escultura aérea” de fibra de vidrio que se asemejaba a una masa de globos o a un ramo de flores. Creado para la conocida cadena de restaurantes neoyorquina Brass Rail, el grupo de marquesinas tensadas con grupos neumáticos flotaba sobre el recinto ferial como grupos de nubes, con una estructura radical y una forma divertida.

Lundy’s low-budget, imaginative snack bars proved to be the rare architectural success of an otherwise eclectic and disjointed fair. While critics panned most of the event’s architecture (which included buildings from the likes of George Nelson, Eero Saarinen, and Charles and Ray Eames) as ill-conceived, frivolous, or even grotesque, Lundy’s pneumatic experiments were praised as the exception. In her review for The New York Times, critic Ada Louise Huxtable criticized the chaotic, disconnected nature of the fair’s architecture but lauded Lundy’s snack pavilions, writing: 

Los imaginativos bares de bajo presupuesto de Lundy resultaron ser el raro éxito arquitectónico de una feria por lo demás ecléctica y descoordinada. Mientras que los críticos criticaron duramente la mayor parte de la arquitectura del evento (que incluía edificios de artistas como George Nelson, Eero Saarinen y Charles y Ray Eames) por considerarla desacertada, frívola o incluso grotesca, los experimentos neumáticos de Lundy fueron elogiados como la excepción. En su reseña para The New York Times, la crítica Ada Louise Huxtable criticó la naturaleza caótica e inconexa de la arquitectura de la feria, pero elogió los pabellones de aperitivos de Lundy, escribiendo:

The Brass Rail’s inflated white balloon-flower canopies by Victor Lundy, based on an experimental “aero-structure” design, do what was not done officially: Spotted about the fair they unify the scene by their repeated grace notes, cloudlike in daylight, glowing at night. (The New York Times, April 22, 1964.)

Las marquesinas blancas infladas con globos y flores de The Brass Rail, diseñadas por Victor Lundy y basadas en un diseño experimental de “aeroestructura”, logran lo que no se hizo oficialmente: vistas por la feria, unifican la escena con sus repetidas notas de gracia, como nubes de día, brillantes de noche. (The New York Times, 22 de abril de 1964.)

Like Huxtable, Philip Johnson, architect of the fair’s most audacious display, the New York State Pavilion, found himself both impressed and befuddled with the cloud-like confections. In a 2017 interview, Victor Lundy recalls the spectacled provocateur being “sort of pissed off because for $6,000 each- that’s all they cost and I did 10 of them- they received more attention than his multimillion dollar project.” Cheap and enormously popular, the bubble pavilions still remain one of the fair’s most enduring monuments.

Al igual que Huxtable, Philip Johnson, arquitecto de la exhibición más audaz de la feria, el Pabellón del Estado de Nueva York, se sintió a la vez impresionado y desconcertado por las creaciones con forma de nube. En una entrevista de 2017, Victor Lundy recuerda que el provocador con gafas estaba “algo molesto porque por 6.000 dólares cada uno —eso es todo lo que costaron y yo hice 10— recibieron más atención que su proyecto multimillonario”. Baratos y enormemente populares, los pabellones burbuja siguen siendo uno de los monumentos más perdurables de la feria.

Text from claasshaus via Florida Modernism + Design.

Ground Level Plan. Image via Library of Congress. LC-DIG-ds-11758 (digital file from original photo).
Section. Image via Library of Congress. LC-DIG-ds-10949 (digital file from original drawing).
Elevation. Image via Library of Congress. LC-DIG-ds-11757 (digital file from original photo).
Sketch. Victor Alfred Lundy, Architect. New York World’s Fair, 1964 to 1965. “Space flower” exhibition structures. New York, 1962. Photograph. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, 2017659520. Image via Florida Modernism and Design.
Model. Victor Alfred Lundy, Architect, Louis Checkman, photographer. Refreshment stand, 1964-65 N.Y. World’s Fair, for the Brass Rail Food Service Organization Inc. [Model]. New York, 1963. Photograph. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, 2017658819. Image via Florida Modernism and Design.
Model. Image via Library of Congress. LC-DIG-ds-11052 (digital file from original photo).
Image via e-flux.
Image via e-flux.
New York World’s Fair 1964/1965 : official souvenir map / map of the fair created by Herman Bollmann of Pictorial Maps Inc. for Time Inc. ; by the editors of Time-Life Books. Image via University of Wisconsin Milwaukee